A tracheostomy (also called a tracheotomy) is a surgical opening created through the neck into the trachea (windpipe) to allow air to fill the lungs. A tracheostomy tube (also called a trach tube) is inserted through the tracheostomy opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs.  

Glossary of Common Tracheostomy Terms: 

  • Cannula: The inner part of the tracheostomy tube that can be removed and cleaned or replaced. 

  • Outer cannula: The outer part of the tracheostomy tube that stays in place. 

  • Cuff: The inflatable balloon at the end of the tracheostomy tube that helps to keep the tube in place and prevent air leaks. 

  • Stoma: The opening in the neck where the tracheostomy tube is inserted. 

  • Fenestrated tracheostomy tube: A tracheostomy tube with holes in the side that allows the user to speak without having to remove the tube. 

  • Heat and moisture exchanger (HME): A device that is attached to the tracheostomy tube to warm and humidify the inhaled air. 

  • Tracheostomy care: The routine care and maintenance of the tracheostomy tube and stoma. 

  • Tracheostomy weaning: The process of gradually removing the tracheostomy tube and allowing the user to breathe on their own. 

  • Aspiration: The accidental inhalation of food, liquid, or other material into the lungs. 

  • Decannulation: The removal of the tracheostomy tube. 

  • Granulation tissue: New tissue that forms around the stoma. 

  • Subglottic stenosis: Narrowing of the airway below the vocal cords. 

  • Tracheomalacia: A condition in which the trachea is soft and collapsible. 

  • Tracheostomy infection: An infection of the tracheostomy tube or stoma. 

  • Tracheostomy collar: A soft collar that is worn around the neck to help keep the tracheostomy tube in place and protect it from injury. 

  • Tracheostomy ties: Soft straps that are used to secure the tracheostomy collar to the neck. 

  • Tracheostomy dressing: A sterile dressing that is placed over the stoma to protect it from infection. 

  • Suctioning: A procedure that is used to remove mucus and other secretions from the tracheostomy tube and lungs. 

  • Humidification: The process of adding moisture to the inhaled air. This can be done using an HME or by breathing through warm, moist air. 

If you or someone you know has a tracheostomy, it is important to understand these terms so that you can properly care for the tracheostomy and prevent complications. If you have any questions about tracheostomy care or terminology, please don’t hesitate to reach out to our team at MEDemporium. We look forward to serving you!